US5071477A - Process for recovery of gold from refractory ...

The present invention is directed to an improvement in a process for the recovery of gold from refractory sulfidic auriferous ores which comprises oxidizing a slurry of ore with oxygen gas under pressure in the presence of sulfuric acid, neutralizing the oxidized slurry, cyanidizing the neutralized slurry to leach gold therefrom, and recovering gold from the resultant leachate.

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(PDF) Pressure oxidation of double refractory gold ...

Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corp. conducted pressure-oxidation pilot plant studies on refractory carbonaceous gold ores from the Twin Creeks Mine in Nevada. The tests were conducted at …

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Refractory gold reserves: Challenges and opportunities for ...

Gold miners are facing a reserves crisis, and what is left in the ground is becoming more and more challenging to process.Refractory gold reserves, which require more sophisticated treatment methods in order to achieve oxide-ore recovery rates, correspond to 24 percent of current gold reserves and 22 percent of gold resources worldwide (Exhibit 1).

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pressure oxidation process flow diagram of gold

Gold recovery from refractory gold concentrates by. The chemical reaction is shown in equation (2) (Chan et al., 2015). 4 2+15 2+22 =22( 4)3+22 4. (2) Some researchs found that the cyanide leaching value of gold increased sharply when the flotation concentrate was treated by pressure oxidation in acid (Dong et al., 2015; Luo et al., 2015). (PDF ...

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pressure oxidation Archives - International Mining

"Pressure oxidation was selected as the most feasible processing technology for double refractory ores. It is able to achieve gold recoveries of 96% by utilising high temperatures, elevated pressure and oxygen to recover encapsulated gold, while conventional cyanidation methods would result in sub-optimal recovery rates of 20-40%.

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Basic Iron Sulphate in Pressure Oxidation Processing

Pressure oxidation technology was . developed more than 50 years ago for the treatment of base metal concentrates (mainly sphalerite), and was adapted in the 1980's for the treatment of gold-containing pyrite and arsenopyrite ores and concentrates. The conditions that have evolved for oxidation of refractory gold concentrates

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Pressure oxidation of pyrite-arsenopyrite refractory gold ...

Pressure oxidation (POX) is typically operated at 170 • C-225 • C (La Brooy et al., 1994) to oxidize sulfidic raw materials for gold liberation.

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Home - Home | Albion Process

Albion Process™ has real-world success in delivering consistently high recoveries – up to 97% in refractory gold and over 99% in chalcopyrite copper concentrates. It has much lower capital cost than traditional leaching plants like pressure oxidation (POx) plants and because it operates at atmospheric pressure, it completely avoids the ...

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PRESSURE OXIDATION OF REFRACTORY GOLD ORES: THE …

Pressure Oxidation Pressure oxidation is employed to liberate gold and silver in refractory sulfide concentrates often and ores. The main pressure oxidation products from iron sulfide minerals are sulfuric acid (and metal sulfates) and hematite. Depending on the conditions within the autoclave, acid containing iron compounds can be formed.

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Refractory Gold Ore Treatment Methods

Pressure oxidation (POX) remains a further option for the oxidation of refractory sulfides. Several projects have been recently constructed: the Killita Project in Finland, the Amursk Project in Russia, the Pueblo Viejo Project in the Dominican Republic, and the MOPU expansion at Lihir.

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The Leachox™ Refractory Gold Process – The Testing, Design ...

Oxidation . ABSTRACT . The Leachox refractory gold process has to date been applied to the selectivetreatment of several refractory gold ores but on a relatively small scale. In this paper the successful implementation of the process, from initial testing through to commissioning at one of the world's largest refractory gold mines is described.

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Effect of Pretreatment of Sulfide Refractory Concentrate ...

Keywords: Refractory Gold Concentrate; Hypochlorite Ox idation Pretreatment; Pressure Cyanidation . 1. Introduction . 1.1. Background . Many of the gold deposits contain finely disseminated gold in iron sulfide minerals such as pyrite and arsenopy- rite. Such deposits are called refractory gold ores due to

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Characterization of ferric arsenate-sulfate compounds ...

Gold extraction from refractory gold ores 70 requires a pre-treatment process such as roasting, pressure oxidation or bacterial 71 oxidation to destroy the host sulfide so that the gold is liberated and made available for 72 cyanide leaching. Roasting and pressure oxidation are the most commonly used pre-73 treatment technologies.

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Pressure Oxidation Pretreatment of Refractory Gold ...

12%Pressure oxidation of gold containing concentrates and ores is an effective pretreatment for liberating refractory gold. This is particularly true when an appreciable portion of the gold is associated with sulfides and is not amenable to conventional cyanidation. A brief review of the literature on pressure oxidation of refractory gold materials is presented. The chemistry of the …

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pressure oxidation refractory gold - Hitlers Hollywood

pressure oxidation refractory gold. Pressure Oxidation Pressure oxidation is employed to liberate gold and silver in refractory sulfide concentrates often and ores The main pressure oxidation products from iron sulfide minerals are sulfuric acid and metal sulfates and hematite Depending on the conditions within the autoclave acid containing iron compounds can be formed

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cil gold autoclave - tiv-szkolenia.pl

Deportment of gold in an autoclave pressure oxidation (AC . The gold deportment data show that 375% of the gold losses in the CIL residue are related to submicroscopic gold contained in the unoxidized pyrite mineral phase (Figure 1) The carbonaceous matter present in the ore exhibits strong pregrobbing capacity and contributes to 445% of the gold losses in the form of surface gold (Figure 1)

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High Pressure Acid Leach & Pressure Oxidation

Uranium Nickel Gold Copper Cobalt Rare earths Zinc High Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) and Pressure Oxidation (POX) testing services provide a unique opportunity to evaluate and optimise the most economically viable process routes for the recovery of most metals such as nickel from lateritic ores and gold from refractory ores.

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US5536297A - Gold recovery from refractory carbonaceous ...

A process for recovering gold in which an ore slurry of refractory sulfidic and refractory carbonaceous ore having preg-robbing characteristics due to the presence of organic carbon is subjected to pressure oxidation in an autoclave. The oxidized ore slurry is mixed with a thiosulfate salt lixiviant, which mixture is maintained at a pH between 7 and 8.7 while the slurry is agitated in a ...

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Pressure Oxidation Pretreatment of Refractory Gold ...

Pressure oxidation of gold containing concentrates and ores is an effective pretreatment for liberating refractory gold. This is particularly true when an appreciable portion of the gold is associated with sulfides and is not amenable to conventional cyanidation. A brief review of the literature on pressure oxidation of refractory gold materials is presented. The chemistry of the aqueous ...

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MODELING OF HIGH PRESSURE PRETREATMENT PROCESS …

Keywords: pretreatment process, pressure oxidation, refractory gold ore and concentrate, leaching, modeling Investigation of high pressure pretreatment process for gold leaching is the objective of the present master's thesis. The gold ores and concentrates which cannot be easily treated by leaching process are called "refractory".

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POX Hub – Petropavlovsk PLC

The Pressure Oxidation facility ('POX Hub') is a cornerstone of Petropavlovsk's strategy and the principal driver of future value for the Company. The ability to process previously untreatable refractory ores, where gold is locked in sulphides, has opened a swathe of new opportunities for the Group to exploit both in the short and long term.

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BASIC IRON SULPHATE – A POTENTIAL KILLER FOR PRESSURE ...

Refractory gold concentrates often contain sub-microscopic gold that is encapsulated within the crystal matrix of iron sulphide minerals such as pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite. To recover the gold, the host mineral must generally be broken down chemically, by oxidative processes such as roasting, pressure oxidation or bacterial leaching, which expose the gold for subsequent recovery by ...

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Pressure oxidation overview - ScienceDirect

The utilization of a pressure-oxidation circuit to treat refractory gold ores or concentrates is a complex decision, taking into consideration capital costs, operating costs, gold recovery, and environmental impacts. The payback and internal rate of return (IRR) has to be evaluated in the decision for selecting the process.

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PRESSURE OXIDATION OF PYRITE-ARSENOPYRITE …

Pressure oxidation of pyrite-arsenopyrite refractory gold concentrate 105 350 kPa, 15%) or increased very slowly (test 3, 165°C, 1050 kPa, 5%). At higher tem-perature and oxygen pressure the oxygen consumption was more rapid and reached a steady level in 55–60 minutes (test 9 I, 195°C, 700 kPa, 10%). At highest temperature

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Process for the recovery of gold from refractory ores by ...

Process for the recovery of gold from refractory ores by pressure oxidation . United States Patent 4552589 . Abstract: A process for recovering precious metals from a refractory ore by forming a slurry which is heated to a temperature in excess of about 150° C. at an oxygen partial pressure in excess of about 10 psia for an effective amount of ...

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A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF THE ACIDIC PRESSURE …

2.3 Pretreatment of Refractory Sulfidic Gold Ores 15 2.3.1 Pressure Oxidation 18 2.4 Acidic Pressure Oxidation of Iron and Arsenic Sulfide Minerals 29 References 38 CHAPTER 3 FUNDAMENTALS OF OXIDATION 45 3.1 Thermodynamics 45 3.2 Kinetic Considerations 59 3.2.1 Kinetic Model 64 References 72 CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM 75 4.1 Materials 75

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Refractory Gold Technology

Pressure Oxidation of Refractory Gold Feeds TECHNOLOGY Au V1.FEB25.2019. The Technologies Division of Sherritt is a recognized leader and pioneer in the development and application of pressure hydrometallurgy. In addition to supporting Sherritt's existing business units, the division provides

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pressure oxidation refractory gold - vaikuendokrinologija.lt

PRESSURE OXIDATION OF REFRACTORY GOLD ORES: THE Pressure Oxidation Pressure oxidation is employed to liberate gold and silver in refractory sulfi

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Gold extraction - Wikipedia

Pressure oxidation; Albion process; The refractory ore treatment processes may be preceded by concentration (usually sulfide flotation). Roasting is used to oxidize both the sulfur and organic carbon at high temperatures using air and/or oxygen. Bio-oxidation involves the use of bacteria that promote oxidation reactions in an aqueous environment.

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PRESSURE LEACHING - RPMGlobal

A major revolution in gold processing was the pressure oxidation of refractory, pyritic ores. In these ores, gold is chemically entrained in sulfides which require oxidation prior to standard cyanidation techniques. Many of these plants were built in the western United States in …

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